Bushing remover



Sept. 27, 1932. H. w. KULP ET AL BUSHING REMOVER Filed May 30, 1931 Mari/b GDP/Mme;

Patented Sept. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES HARRY W. KULP AND MARTIN C. lDI-ilLLIlTGER, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVldNIA BUSHING Application filed May 30,

This invention relates to bushing removers and is primarily intended for use in removing the valve-stem bushings as used in some automobile engines in recent years and now in extensive use. a In the type of automobile engines in question the valve-stems have an enlarged lower end and said stems are centered in theirzusual guides by longitudinally split cylindrical bushings inserted in the guides after :the valve-stems have been inserted in position, said bushings being normally held inplace .by the upper ends of the usual valve springs. Because of the foregoing construction, in

order to remove the valvefor replacement or for grinding, etc., it is not only necessary 'to free them from their respectivesprings, .-.but4it is also necessary to remove'the'bush- .ings in order to permit the upward with- 2 drawal of the lower ends of the respective valve-stems. Necessarily the springs will "be bodily removed but even when ifreedrof the action of their cooperating springs the bushings will remain in normal position in an engine that has been in use, due to the action of heat and'the formation of carbon and accumulation of gummy oil or 'oil residue and the like, so thatsaid bushings must be thrust or pulled out of the guides while the valve-stems are interposed between eachrespective pair of semi-cylindricalbushings.

The primary objects of the invention are to provide a simple preferably stamped sheet metal tool adapted to straddle the valve head and fitabout the valve-stem and to extend through the usual engine block intakeor exhaust ports so as to engage upon'the upper end of the bushings tobe removed, said tool comprising a heavy preferably cast metal hammer receiving or driving head; to provide such a tool so formed at all portions of its respective sheet metal members that the various portions will cooperate with each other to resist deformation under the shocklof hammerblows in the ordinary use of the tool; to provide such a tool a'cooperating pair of sheet metal members in combination with a heavy rigid ,metal driving head slidably'receiving the registering opposed'upper'end portions of said sheetmetal members to hold REMOVER 1931. SeiialNo. 541,130.

said members against relative spreading and to prevent the bending ofsaid portions; to provide'said driving head and the respective upper end portions of said members with interengaging portions preventing the relative k turning ortwisting of said portions when said portionsare fully received by said driving-head-inthe operative driving position of the latter; and, considered more narrowly, :to provide a permanent sliding pivotal connection between the upper endportions of said sheet metal members and said driving head; and to obtain a very simpleconstruction-economical of manufacture and adapted to large quantity production.

In this application we show anddescribe 7 only the preferred embodiment of our inventionsimply by way of illustration of the practice of our invention as by law required. However, we realize that our invention is capable of vother and difierent embodiments and-that the details thereof may be modified in various ways, all without departing from our said invention. Therefore, the drawing and description herein are to be considered asmerely illustrative and not as exclusive.

In the accompanying drawing:

'Figure 1 represents a perspectiveview of our improved-tool with the driving head in operative driving relation;

I Figure 2, a fragmentary sectional View of an engine block of the type referred to, with the valve and its stem raised and a bushing removing tool embodying our invention being shown in elevation in the course of being applied thereto, the driving head being moved to inoperative driving position to allow swinging movement between the sheet metal members, and the valve spring and lower valvespring cup being removed; 7 i o0 Figure3, a view at right angles to Fig. 2, the tool being applied to the valve-stem and straddling the valve and resting on the upper end of the bushing in operative position, and the driving head being in its lower or 95 f operative driving position;

Figure 4, a fragmentary detail central cross-section-taken through the driving head and adjacent portions of the sheet metal membersat right angles to Fig. 2; i

Figure 5, a cross-sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 6, a sectional view on the line 66 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 7, a sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3; I I

Figure 8, a sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 3;

Figure 9, a sectional view on the line 99 of Fig. 3;

Figure 10, a sectional view on "the line 101O of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fi re 11, a sectional view on the line 1l11 of Fig. 10. r I

Referring now in detail to the drawing, A indicates the engine block having the usual intake and exhaust ports opened and closed by cooperating poppet-valves, such as valve B, adapted to close its corresponding port by contact with its seat H and having a valvestem Oextending through valve-stem guide F and centered therein by longitudinally split cylindrical bushing E, comprised of two cooperating semi-cylindrical members, thesaid valve-stem having an enlarged lower end D to receive and support the usual lower spring cup, not shown, without need for the employment of the retaining pin or key.

All of the foregoing construction mentioned in the immediately above paragraph is old and forms no part of the present invention, being illustrated generally and described briefly merely to afiord theproper background to promote a quick understanding of the present invention.

The tool of the present invention comprises two preferably heavy stamped stiff resilient sheet metal thrust members and a heavy rigid metal driving head 5 the registering opposed upper end portions of the thrust members being slidably received and held together by said driving head 5. Each said thrust member comprises a lower internally channeled valve-stem receiving leg portion or shank 1 merging at an angle of approximately 45 degrees with-an outwardly and upwardly disposed hood or yoke portion 2, which in turn merges at an angle of approximately 90 degrees with an upwardly and inwardly extending upper hood or yoke portion 3, which in turn merges at an angle of approximately 45' degrees with an upwardly extending driving head receiving portion 4 in substantial alignment with the foot or shank 1. i

The two thrust members are associated ceiveand guide the cooperating guide and reinforcing or bracing ribs 13 formed in the portions 't by stamping up the metal during one of the stamping operations.

If desired, and as preferred by the inventors, the driving head 5 and said opposed pair of thrust members may be permanently associated together,-and such construction has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein the driving head 5 has been illustratedwitha'pair of vertically extending central transversely registering slots 6 extending in alignment with the guiding and reinforcing ribs 13 respectively, a pin 7 extending into both of said slots and through the upper end portions of the interposed portions 4 of said thrust members and receiving washers 8 on its respective outer ends beyond the outer faces of-the driving head 5 and having its respective extreme end portions riveted over or upset against said washers, being adapted to slide lengthwise of said pair of slots 6 while definitely tying the thrust members and the driving head together as a single unitary three-part tool, and thus constituting a sliding pivotal connection between said driving head and the opposed pair of thrust members. However, while such permanent association between the thrust members and between the thrust members and driving head is preferred, it is not an essential' consideration of our invention considered in its broader aspects. I

Each portion of each of the thrust members is of special braced construction to resist deformation under the shock of hammer blows incident to its normal use, and each ortion merges with the other in. an arcuate ormation to strengthen the joint between the respective portions all to the end of strengthening and bracing each thrust member from end to end and to promote the combinationand cooperative resistance of the two opposed thrust members when used together in their normal'association during the normal use of the tool.

To accommodate the valve head B in the hood between the portions of the lower opposed hood portions 2, said portions will preferably have their outer edge portions slightly flattened out as at 9, all in thesame plane, as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

' While the two will preferably be of quite' heavy sheet metal,.the exterior facesof the lower portions of the feet orl shanks 1 will lie either flush with, or preferably, inside of the circle defined by the inner face-orzbore of the bushing receiving guide F-for obvious reasons 1 The operation is briefly as follows:

The tool is inserted in a slanting position through the port-hole and'its beveled'vedges 10 are forced against the valve-stem C until theshanks or feet 1 spread and straddl e the vali e-stem, when the tool is swung to. vertical position and the driving head 5' is shoved downward to receive and bind the portions, 4 together. In this position, as illustrated in Fig. 3, the: lower ends of the shanks or feet 1 will be in engagement withthe opposed upper ends of the semi-cylindrical bushing members E and a few light hammer blows on the top of the driving head 5 will serve to loosen and dislodge the said semi-cylindrical bushings E. Thereafter, the driving head 5 will be slid upward to the position indicated in Fig. 2, to release the portions 4 for inde pendent relative movement and to provide for a greater free length, of the thrust members with consequent greater yielding ability as well as pivotal or relative turning movement, when the-tool may be pulled or removed from-about the valve head and its stem, as is obvious. v

Any suitable material may be used.

} Also it is to be borne in mind that the; article is not a hi hly technical or exact precision instrument, but a rough usage tool constructed largely. by casing and by sheet metal stamping operations from the general run of sheet metal stock and subject to variations both in the casting. and in the thickness or weight of metal in the stamped metal portions, and consequently in the degreeof resiliency and in contour, or form as the press and stamping dies may become worn, etc., and also in relative positions during the assembly operation, all being matters incident to large quantity production operations.

Also while it isdcsirable that the lower ends of the portion 1 of the tool should le in the same horizontal plane, this is not es sential, although most natural, usual and preferred.

Also, while thrust on the bushings in adirection as nearly parallel to the axis of the valve-stem as is obtainable is desirable,this

is not essential, such thrust need not be exactly parallel to suchaxis, nor need it closely approach parallelism at such axis, but it will be suflicient simply if the tool applies a pressure, thrust, or blow to the upper ends of the bushing members resulting in their be ing displaced downward fromtheir normal position in their cooperating guides F.

Obviously, in use, the driving head 5 and the upper hood portions 3,- botlr individually and in: cooperationwith.each1.other, serve to protect the valve-head B against. injury by aimisdirected hammerblow. This is not of greatzimportanceibecause such valve headsB together .with'their stems G. are quiteinex pensive and-often arei replaced anyway during the. overhauling: of the engine, but it is anincidental advantage in that it affords pro:- tection where it is desired to replace the valve in .theengine for further use.

Thedrawing forming part of this applica tion. as, made from anactual full-size tool that has beenv thoroughly and successfully'tested and used for. the removal of the valve-stem bushingsfromthe guidesv of automobile engines of the type referred to, Fig. '1. being drawn to a scale fi've-sixthsl of the actualsiz'e of said actual physical embodiment ofthe tool, and the remaining figures are on a scale five-eleventhsof the actual full size of the actual tool, though of course in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 there. has beenno attempt to retain any definite scale relation or proportion between the engine block fragmentarily in dicated and thetool. 1

:Weclaimz -V 1. A poppet-Valve bushing remover' comprising a recessed driving head having the walls of said. recess .vertically slotted .in

transverse registry and two. opposed stifily resilient sheet metal thrust members havlng their upper portions substantially parallel and substantially in contact and adapted to beslidably received in the recess of said driving head and. held by said head against spreading, said head and members being formed withinterengaging means to prevent relative swinging movement 1' between said members about the pin, and'ja pin extending through saidhead and the interposedportions ofsaid thrustmembers and slidable in said slotted hea-d,,each said thrust member having a lower shank portion formed in, substan-' tial alignment withits upper portion and provided with a radially inner arcuate face adapted. to engage the opposed cylindrical face of the valve-stem,;a lowerhood portion extending upwardly and outwardly at an angle of approximately {5 degreesfrom its point of mergence with said shank portion, and an upper fhoodportion extending upwardly and inwardlyat an angle of-approxi mately 90, degrees from its point of mergence with said lower hood portion and merging with the upper endportionof the said thrust member, the respective hood portions of the respective thrust members being opposed to each other in assembled operative relation I and together constituting a hood accommodating the valve-head when the shank portions of said members are respectively on opposits sides of an intervening valve-stem,

the force of hammer blowsexerted'on the driving head, all portions of each said thrust member being arcuate' incross section" at all points and the joint between each'two adjacent portions being arcuate in form.

2. A poppet-valve bushing remover'comprising a recessed driving head having the walls of said recess vertically slottedin trans verse registry, and two opposed stiffly resilient sheet metal thrust members having their upper portions substantially parallel and substantially in contact'and adapted to be slidably received in the recess of said driving head and held by said'head against spreading, and a pin extending through said head and the interposed portions of said thrust members and slidable in said slotted head, each said thrust member having a lower shank portionformedin substantial alignment with its upper portion and provided with a radially inner arcuate face adapted to engage the opposed cylindrical face of the valve-stem, a lower hood portion extending upwardly and outwardly from its point of mergence with said shank portion, and an upper hood portion extending upwardly and inwardly from its point of mergence with said lower hood portion and merging with the upper end portion of the said thrust member, the respective hoo'd portions of the respective' thrust"members' being opposed to each other in assembled operative relation and together constituting a hood accommodating the valve-head when the shank por tions of said members are respectively on opposite sides of ail-intervening valve-stem, and the lower ends of said shank'portions being adapted to en age'thebppos'ed end face of said bushing and to transmit thereto the force of hammer blows exerted on the driving head, all portions of each said thrust member being arcuate incross section at all points and the joint between each two adjacent portions being arcuate in form. 3. A bushing remover comprising a recessed driving head and two opposed stiiily resilient sheet metal thrust members having their upper portions substantially parallel and substantiallyin'contact and adapted to be slidably received in the recess of said driving head and held by said head against spreading, said head and said members being formed with cooperatingmeans forpreventing substantial relative swinging movement between said members, each said thrust mem'- ber havin a lower shank ortion'formed in substantial alignment with its upper portion and provided with a radially inner arcuate face adapted to engage an opposed cylindrical face of an intervening element,

a lower hood portion extending upwardly and outwardly from its point of mergence with said shank portion'and an upper hood portion extending upwardly and inwardly from its point of merge'nce with said lower hood portion and merging with the upper end portion of the said thrust member, and the lower ends of said shank portions being adapted toengage the opposed end face of said bushing and to transmit thereto the force of hammer blows exerted on the driving head.

l. A bushing remover comprising a recessed driving head and two opposed sheet metal thrust members having their upper portions substantially parallel and adapted to be slidably received in the recess of said driving head and held by said head against spreading, each said thrust member having a lower shank'portion provided with a radially inner arcuate face adapted to engage an opposed cylindrical face of an intervening element, a lower hood portion extending upwardly and outwardly from its point of mergence with said shank portion, and an upper hood portion extending upwardly and inwardly from its point of mergence with said lower hood portion and merging with the upper end portion of the said thrust member, and the lower ends of said shank portions being adapted to engage the opposed end face of said bushing and to transmit thereto the force of hammer blows exerted on the driving head.

5. Means for removing valve guides comprising a pair of longitudinally grooved thrust members adapted to embrace a valve stem and having upper portions extending longitudinally in substantial contact with each other and formed with intermediate opposed portions adapted to straddle a valvehead, in combination with a driving head adapted to slidably receive said upper portions of said thrust members.

6. Means for removing valve guides comprising a pair of longitudinally grooved thrust members adapted to embrace a valvestem and having upper portions extending longitudinally in substantial contact with each other and formed with intermediate opposed portions adapted to straddle a valvehead, in combination with a driving head adapted to slidably receive said upper portions of said thrust members, said intermediate portions forming a protective hood for the valve-head.

7 Means for removing valve guides comprising a pair of longitudinally grooved thrust members adapted to embrace a valvestem andhaving upper portions extending longitudinally in substantial contact with each other and formed with intermediate opposed portions adapted to straddle a valvehead, in combination with a driving head adapted to slidably receive said upper portions of said thrust members, said intermediate portions and said driving head cooperating to protect the valve-head against a misdirected hammer blow.

8. Means for removing bushings, said means comprising a pair of longitudinally grooved thrust members adapted to embrace a cylindrical element and having upper por tions extending longitudinally in substantial contact with each other and formed'with intermediate opposed portions adapted to straddle an enlarged part, in combination with a driving head adapted to slidably receive said upper portions of said thrust members.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification at Lancaster,

Pennsylvania, the 28th day of May, 1931.

HARRY W. KULP. MARTIN C. DELLINGER. 

